DPI: The Directed Prediction Index for Causal Direction Inference from Observational Data

The Directed Prediction Index ('DPI') is a causal discovery method for observational data designed to quantify the relative endogeneity of outcome (Y) versus predictor (X) variables in regression models. By comparing the coefficients of determination (R-squared) between the Y-as-outcome and X-as-outcome models while controlling for sufficient confounders and simulating k random covariates, it can quantify relative endogeneity, providing a necessary but insufficient condition for causal direction from a less endogenous variable (X) to a more endogenous variable (Y). Methodological details are provided at <https://psychbruce.github.io/DPI/>. This package also includes functions for data simulation and network analysis (correlation, partial correlation, and Bayesian Networks).

Version: 2026.2
Depends: R (≥ 4.0.0)
Imports: glue, crayon, cli, ggplot2, cowplot, qgraph, bnlearn, MASS
Suggests: bruceR, aplot, bayestestR
Published: 2026-02-26
DOI: 10.32614/CRAN.package.DPI
Author: Han Wu Shuang Bao ORCID iD [aut, cre]
Maintainer: Han Wu Shuang Bao <baohws at foxmail.com>
BugReports: https://github.com/psychbruce/DPI/issues
License: GPL-3
URL: https://psychbruce.github.io/DPI/
NeedsCompilation: no
Materials: README, NEWS
CRAN checks: DPI results

Documentation:

Reference manual: DPI.html , DPI.pdf

Downloads:

Package source: DPI_2026.2.tar.gz
Windows binaries: r-devel: DPI_2025.11.zip, r-release: DPI_2025.11.zip, r-oldrel: DPI_2025.11.zip
macOS binaries: r-release (arm64): DPI_2026.2.tgz, r-oldrel (arm64): DPI_2026.2.tgz, r-release (x86_64): DPI_2026.2.tgz, r-oldrel (x86_64): DPI_2025.11.tgz
Old sources: DPI archive

Linking:

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